When Minnesota requires an inspection
- Every new or replacement system. State law requires a compliance inspection before a new system is put to use.
- Adding a bedroom. A city or county may not issue a building permit or variance for a bedroom on a property with a septic system until the system has been inspected. From November 1 to April 30 the local government may wait, as long as the inspection is done by the next June 1.
- When your local ordinance says so. Counties, cities and townships can require more. The most common is an inspection before a home is sold.
Selling a home with a septic system
There is no statewide rule requiring an inspection when a home is sold. Many counties have one. For example, St. Louis County, Aitkin County, Olmsted County and Le Sueur County all require a compliance inspection before a sale, with some exemptions. Ask your county before you list the home.
Every seller in Minnesota must do this, under state law:
- Before signing a purchase agreement, tell the buyer in writing how the property's sewage is handled.
- If it has a septic system, describe it, give the county and legal description, and include a map of where it is.
- Tell the buyer what you know about whether it complies, and attach any past inspection report you have.
- A seller who knew and did not disclose can be liable for the cost of bringing the system into compliance, plus attorney fees. The buyer has two years after closing to sue.
Winter sales
Frozen ground can make an inspection hard. Some counties, including St. Louis and Aitkin, let the sale close with money held in escrow to cover a fix, and the inspection is done when the ground thaws.
What the inspector checks
- Whether the system is an imminent threat to public health, like sewage on the ground or backing up into the house.
- Whether the tanks or the drain field are failing to protect groundwater, for example a leaking tank or too little soil between the drain field and the water table.
- Whether the system meets the other state and local requirements.
A system that passes gets a certificate of compliance. One that does not gets a notice of noncompliance that says why. An imminent threat must be fixed within ten months. See septic repair and replacement.
How long an inspection is good for
Under state law, a certificate of compliance for an existing system is good for three years. A certificate for a new system is good for five. Counties can accept them for different lengths of time when a home is sold, so check yours.
Who can do it
A business with a current MPCA inspector license, or a qualified employee of your local government. Inspections of new and replacement systems must be done by someone independent of the owner and the installer. MPCA licenses inspectors at basic, intermediate and advanced levels; higher levels cover bigger and more complex systems.
What it costs
Angi puts most septic inspections in the Minneapolis area at $210 to $943, with an average of $576. Camera inspections and digging up the tank cost more.
Sources: Minnesota Statutes 115.55 (inspections and seller disclosure) · Minnesota Rules 7082.0700 (inspection program) · St. Louis County, buying or selling property · Aitkin County, buying or selling property · Olmsted County, land transfer compliance (PDF) · Le Sueur County, when a compliance inspection is required (PDF) · Angi, septic inspection cost in Minneapolis (Jul 2026)
This page is general information, not legal advice. Local rules vary and change, so confirm with your county, city or township.